What is a supply chain attack?

D2 ยท Threats  ยท  CompTIA Security+ SY0-701
A supply chain attack targets a less-secure element in the supply chain โ€” software vendors, hardware manufacturers, or third-party service providers โ€” to compromise their products or services and use them as a vector to attack end customers.

Famous examples: SolarWinds (2020) โ€” attackers inserted malicious code into SolarWinds Orion software updates, compromising 18,000+ organizations including US government agencies. 3CX (2023) โ€” compromised a VoIP software installer.

Types: software supply chain (malicious code in updates), hardware implants, compromised open-source libraries (dependency confusion).
Supply chain attacks are devastating because victims trust the compromised vendor. Defenses: software bill of materials (SBOM), code signing verification, vendor risk management, integrity monitoring of software updates, and privileged access review for third-party tools.
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