What is spyware and adware?

D2 ยท Threats  ยท  CompTIA Security+ SY0-701
Spyware is malware that secretly monitors and collects user information โ€” keystrokes, browsing history, credentials, screenshots โ€” without the user's knowledge, transmitting it to the attacker.

Adware automatically displays or downloads unwanted advertising, often bundled with free software (PUPs โ€” Potentially Unwanted Programs). While less malicious, adware can redirect browsers and compromise privacy.

Keylogger โ€” a type of spyware that specifically records keystrokes to capture passwords and sensitive input.
Spyware is used for credential theft and surveillance. Keyloggers are a subset of spyware. Stalkerware is spyware marketed for monitoring partners/children. Defenses: EDR, application allowlisting, user education, and reviewing app permissions. PUPs often come bundled with freeware installers.
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